審計

客戶關系和審計業務的接受與保持

Acceptance and continuance of client and audit engagement

訪問控制

Access controls

接觸信息/審計工作底稿

Access to information / Audit documentation

否定意見

Adverse opinion

替代程序

Alternative procedures

分析程序

Analytical procedures

在集團層面實施的分析程序

Analytical procedures at group level

年度報告

Annual report

適用的財務報告框架

Applicable financial reporting framework

按照適用的財務報告編制基礎得到恰當會計處理和披露

Appropriately accounted for and disclosed in accordance with the applicable financial reporting framework

(審計證據的)適當性

Appropriateness (of audit evidence)

認定

Assertions

評估

Assess

保證

Assurance

審計調整

Audit adjustment

審計工作底稿

Audit documentation/Audit working paper

審計證據

Audit evidence

審計檔案

Audit file

會計師事務所

Audit firm/Accounting firm

審計意見

Audit opinion

審計計劃

Audit plan

審計風險

Audit risk

審計抽樣(抽樣)

Audit sampling (sampling)

注冊會計師（審計師）

Auditor

注冊會計師與財務信息

Auditor and financial information

注冊會計師的專家

Auditor’s expert

注冊會計師的點估計或區間估計

Auditor’s point estimate or auditor’s range

導致非無保留意見的事項段

Basis for modification paragraph

業務流程

Business process

（交易的）商業理由

Business rationale

經營風險業務風險

Business risk

明顯微小

Clearly trivial

比較財務報表

Comparative financial statements

比較信息

Comparative information

被審計單位的互補性控制

Compensating controls of entity under audit

完整性

Completeness

對集團具有財務重大性的單個組成部分

Components that are of individual financial significance to the group

計算機輔助審計技術

Computer-assisted audit techniques

審計的前提條件

Conditions for an audit

詢證函

Confirmation

合并過程

Consolidation process

控制活動

Control activities

控制環境

Control environment

控制風險

Control risk

與審計相關的控制

Controls relevant to the audit

公司治理

Corporate governance

對應數據

Corresponding figures

截止

Cut-off/As of (date)

報告日（與質量控制相關）

Date of report (in relation to quality control)

財務報表批準日

Date of the approval of the financial statements

審計報告日

Date of the auditor’s report

財務報表日

Date of the financial statements

設計、執行和維護適當的控制

Design, implement and maintain adequate controls (over)

檢查風險

Detection risk

偏差

Deviations

無法表示意見

Disclaimer of opinion

雙重目的測試

Dual-purpose test

強調事項段

Emphasis of matter paragraph

業務工作底稿

Engagement documentation/working paper

業務約定書

Engagement letter

項目合伙人

Engagement partner

項目質量控制復核

Engagement quality control review

項目質量控制復核人員

Engagement quality control reviewer

項目組

Engagement team

被審計單位的風險評估過程

Entity’s risk assessment process

評價

Evaluate

可能導致對被審計單位持續經營能力產生重大疑慮的事項或情況

Events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern

不符事項

Exception

存在

Existence

有經驗的注冊會計師

Experienced auditor

專長

Expertise

信賴程度

Extent of reliance

函證

External confirmation

事實錯報、判斷錯報和推斷錯報

Factual misstatements, judgemental misstatements and projected misstatements

財務報表

Financial statements

舞弊

Fraud

舞弊風險因素

Fraud risk factors

虛假財務報告

Fraudulent financial reporting

對財務報表使用者理解財務報表至關重要

Fundamental to users’ understanding of the financial statements

治理

Governance

集團

Group

集團項目合伙人

Group engagement partner

集團層面控制

Group-wide controls

歷史財務信息

Historical financial information

識別、評估和應對重大錯報風險

Identify, assess and respond to risk of material misstatement

無法獲取充分、適當的審計證據

Inability to obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence

后任注冊會計師

Incoming auditor

不一致

Inconsistency

獨立性

Independence

與財務報告相關的信息系統

Information system relevant to financial reporting

審計的固有限制

Inherent limitation of audit

固有風險

Inherent risk

首次審計業務

Initial audit engagement

生成、記錄、處理和報告交易

Initiate, record, process and report transactions

詢問

Inquiry

檢查

Inspection

中期財務信息或報表

Interim financial information or statements

內部審計師

Internal auditors

內部控制

Internal control

內部控制缺陷

Internal control deficiency

國際財務報告準則

International Financial Reporting Standards

調查

Investigate

財務報表報出日

Issuance date of the financial statements

信息技術應用控制

IT application controls

信息技術環境

IT environment

會計分錄和其他調整

Journal entries and other adjustments

會計分錄

Journal entry/entries

嚴重程度

Level of significance

上市公司實體

Listed entity

管理層

Management

管理層偏向

Management bias

管理層凌駕于控制之上

Management override of controls

管理當局聲明書

Management representation letter

管理層對其自身責任的認可與理解

Management’s acknowledgement and understanding of its responsibilities

管理層的專家

Management’s expert

重大類別的交易、賬戶余額和披露

Material classes of transactions, account balances and disclosure

重大不確定性

Material uncertainty

財務報表整體的重要性

Materiality for the financial statements as a whole

侵占資產

Misappropriation of assets

錯報

Misstatement

對事實的錯報

Misstatement of fact

非標準審計報告

Modified audit report

非無保留意見

Modified opinion

監控

Monitoring

對控制的監督

Monitoring of controls

審計程序的性質、時間安排和范圍

Nature, timing and extent of audit procedures

消極式函證

Negative confirmation

網絡事務所

Network firm

違反法律法規

Non-compliance

未回函

Non-response

非抽樣風險

Non-sampling risk

觀察

Observation

發生

Occurrence

期初余額

Opening balances

內部控制的運行有效性

Operating effectiveness of internal control

其他信息

Other information

其他事項段

Other matter paragraph

會計估計的結果

Outcome of an accounting estimate

超出正常經營過程

Outside the normal course of business

總體審計方案

Overall audit approach

總體審計策略

Overall audit strategy

總體結論

Overall conclusion

總體應對措施

Overall responses

合伙人

Partner

實際執行的重要性

Performance materiality

人員

Personnel

廣泛性

Pervasive

計劃活動

Planning activities

總體

Population/Overall

積極式函證

Positive confirmation

執業人員

Practitioner

前任注冊會計師

Predecessor auditor

初步業務活動

Preliminary engagement activities

與管理層和治理層（如適用）責任相關的執行審計工作的前提

Premise, relating to the responsibilities of management and, where appropriate, those charged with governance, on which an audit is conducted

編制和列報財務報表

Prepare and present the financial statements

列報與披露

Presentation and disclosure

收入確認存在舞弊風險的假定

Presumed fraud risks in revenue recognition

防止或發現并糾正重大錯報

Prevent or detect and correct material misstatement

專業勝任能力

Professional competence

職業判斷

Professional judgment

職業懷疑態度

Professional skepticism

業務執行

Provision of service/Delivery of service

通常對決定財務報表中的重大金額和披露有直接影響的法律法規的規定

Provisions of laws and regulations generally recognized to have a direct effect on the determination of material amounts and disclosures in the financial statements

具有適當資格的外部人員

Qualified external person

保留意見

Qualified opinion

量化財務影響

Quantification of the financial impacts

合理保證（針對審計業務和質量控制）

Reasonable assurance (in the context of audit engagements, and in quality control)

合理性測試

Reasonableness test

重新計算

Re-calculation

連續審計業務

Recurring audit engagements

將認定層次的審計風險降至可接受的低水平

Reduce audit risk at the assertion level to an acceptably low level

關聯方

Related parties

具有支配性影響的關聯方

Related parties with dominant influence

管理層以前未識別或未向注冊會計師披露的關聯方關系或關聯方交易

Related party relationships or transactions that management has not identified or disclosed to the auditor

按照等同于公平交易中通行的條款執行的關聯方交易

Related party transactions conducted on terms equivalent to those prevailing in an arm’s length transaction

（審計證據的）相關性和可靠性

Relevance and reliability (of audit evidence)

相關職業道德要求

Relevant ethical requirements

剩余期間

Remaining period

重新執行

Re-performance

管理層施加的限制

Restrictions imposed by management

復核(與質量控制相關)

Review (in relation to quality control)

權利與義務

Rights and obligations

風險評估程序

Risk assessment procedures

重大錯報風險

Risk of material misstatement

財務報表層次和認定層次的重大錯報風險

Risk of material misstatement at financial statement level and at assertion level

樣本量

Sample size

抽樣

Sampling

抽樣風險

Sampling risk

抽樣單元

Sampling unit

選擇和運用會計政策

Selection and application of accounting policies

選取測試項目

Selection of items for testing

重要組成部分

Significant component

值得關注的內部控制缺陷

Significant deficiencies in internal control

重大事項

Significant matters

特別風險

Significant risk

重大非常規交易

Significant unusual transactions

特定的審計程序

Specified audit procedures

員工

Staff

統計抽樣

Statistical sampling

存貨盤點

Stocktake

分層

Stratification

期后事項

Subsequent events

實質性分析程序

Substantive analytical procedures

實質性程序

Substantive procedure

（審計證據的）充分性

Sufficiency (of audit evidence)

補充信息

Supplementary information

測試

Test

控制測試

Test of controls

細節測試

Test of details

特定類別的交易、賬戶余額或披露的一個或多個重要性水平

The materiality level or levels for particular classes of transactions, account balances or disclosures

治理層

Those charged with governance

錯報的臨界值

Threshold for misstatements

可容忍錯報

Tolerable misstatement

可容忍偏差率

Tolerable rate of deviation

趨勢分析法、比率分析法、合理性測試法和回歸分析法

Trend analysis, ratio analysis, reasonableness test, and regression analysis

不確定性

Uncertainty

未更正錯報

Uncorrected misstatements

標準審計報告

Unmodified audit report

無保留意見

Unqualified opinion

計價與分攤

Valuation and allocation/amortization

穿行測試

Walk-through test

解除業務約定

Withdraw from the engagement

書面聲明

Written representation